Efecto del diazinón sobre el cultivo de linfocitos de sangre periférica de humano

Diazinon effect on cultivated lymphocytes from human peripheral blood

  • An´íbal Sierra-Fonseca Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
  • Yuren Casillo-Sosa Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
  • Fernando Plenge-Tellechea Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
Palabras clave: Plaguicida organofosforado, linfocitos, sangre, cultivos

Resumen

Se evaluó el efecto del plaguicida organofosforado diazinón sobre el cultivo de linfocitos de sangre periférica humana. Este plaguicida se utiliza para el control de plagas de insectos y como acaricida. Las aplicaciones se hicieron con dos presentaciones distintas: una comercial de uso común, denominado Knox Out® y otra presentación de grado analítico de estándar. Para la obtención de células se empleó el método de sedimentación de eritrocitos. Los linfocitos aislados se incubaron en medio de cultivo por 24, 48 y 72 h, y fueron expuestos a diferentes concentraciones de diazinón (μM-mM). Los diferentes tratamientos se realizaron en ausencia o presencia del mitógeno fitohemaglutinina (PHA). Se realizó un primer set de barridos de diazinón sin PHA utilizando un amplio margen de concentraciones de 0.1 a 1 mM y un segundo set de experimentos con concentraciones de 5 μM hasta un máximo de 50 μM, en ausencia y presencia de PHA. Los resultados del primer set no mostraron efectos totalmente letales sobre los linfocitos visiblemente expuestos al microscopio. Las concentraciones del set de entre 5 y 50 μM fueron las que presentaron un mayor efecto sobre los linfocitos, disminuyendo el número de células viables o estimulando la proliferación sobre el control. Este resultado no se observó con diazinón comercial y PHA, donde sólo disminuyó el número de células viables. Se visualizaron, de forma ocasional, células con indicios de necrosis y apoptosis en los cultivos expuestos al diazinón.

Abstract

The effect of diazinon, an organophosphate pesticide used to control pests such as acarine and insects, was evaluated in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocyres. Two diazinon presentations were used: commercially available diazinon (Knox Out®, Mexico) and an analytical grade standard. The lymphocytes cellular pellet was obtained by the erythrocyte sedimentation method to obtain the mononuclear cells suspended in plasma. The lymphocytes were incubated in culture medium for 24, 48 and 72 h, in absence and presence of different diazinon concentrations (μM-mM). These treatments were in absence and presence of mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). An initial study was carried out with a broad range of diazinon concentrations (0.1-1 mM) without PHA and since high concentration showed no effect, a second set of experiments was repeated using concentrations ranging from 5 until 50 μM of both pure and commercial diazinon, in the absence or presence of PHA. No significant effects were detected for the concentrations between 0.1 and 1 mM. Concentrations of 5 to 50 μM drastically caused reduction of cell viability or stimulated lymphocyte proliferation over control. Nevertheless, this effect was not observed in the presence of diazinon and PHA, only a decrease the quantity of viable cells was observed. Additionally, necrotic and apoptotic cells were visualized in cultures exposed to diazinon.

Keywords: Organophosphate pesticide, lymphocyte, cell culture.

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Publicado
2020-11-05
Cómo citar
Sierra-Fonseca, A., Casillo-Sosa, Y., & Plenge-Tellechea, F. (2020). Efecto del diazinón sobre el cultivo de linfocitos de sangre periférica de humano: Diazinon effect on cultivated lymphocytes from human peripheral blood. TECNOCIENCIA Chihuahua, 3(2), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v3i2.734

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