El amoniaco en las explotaciones avícolas: efectos sobre las aves y el ambiente
The ammonia in poultry operations: effects on birds and environment
Resumen
La mitigación de gases que contaminan el ambiente es uno de retos de la sociedad actual. Algunas actividades económicas son fuente de emisión de gases contaminantes, como es la avicultura, que presenta la mayor concentración y emisión de NH3 comparada con otras explotaciones de animales. Este gas repercute en el desarrollo y bienestar de las aves; en altas concentraciones, influye en la proliferación de enfermedades oculares, respiratorias e incluso, contribuye al daño de la almohadilla plantar en pollos. En general, el amoniaco tiene repercusiones contaminantes en aire, suelo y agua; genera malos olores, altera pH y reciclaje de nutrientes del suelo; provoca eutrofización y contaminación de cuerpos de agua, y en situaciones graves, afecta la salud humana. Es importante cuantificar la emisión de amoniaco en granjas avícolas, mediante investigaciones que contribuyan a proponer estrategias que reduzcan las emisiones de este gas y los efectos sobre los ecosistemas naturales.
Citas
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