Revisión de las características de los transportadores ABC involucrados en patogénesis fúngica
Review of characteristics of ABC transporters involved in fungal pathogenesis
Resumen
Los transportadores ABC son proteínas con una amplia distribución entre los organismos procariontes y eucariontes; exhiben un mecanismo de transporte dependiente de energía, ya que necesitan de la unión e hidrólisis del ATP para realizar su función. En hongos, a los transportadores ABC se les han asignado múltiples funciones, entre ellas destaca su reciente asignación como factores de patogenicidad de hongos de importancia agronómica, tal es el caso de Magnaporthe grisea, Botrytis cinerea, Gibberella pulicaris, Fusarium culmorum y Mycosphaerella graminicola. En estos fitopatógenos, los genes ABC ortólogos que participan en la virulencia tienen un alto grado de conservación. No obstante, hasta el momento no existe evidencia sobre cómo estos trasportadores ABC se especializaron con función en patogénesis. En este trabajo se resumen algunos de los hallazgos que se han realizado en la estructura de las proteínas transportadoras tipo ABC presuntamente involucradas en la patogenicidad de hongos fitopatógenos.
Abstract
ABC transporters are proteins with broad distribution in prokaryotic and eukaryotic kingdoms; these proteins bind and use the energy of ATP to transport substances across membranes. In fungi, the ABC transporters have been involved in multiple functions, including the new role of pathogenicity factors in fungi with agronomic importance such as Magnaporthe grisea, Botrytis cinerea, Gibberella pulicaris, Fusarium culmorum and Mycosphaerella graminicola. There is a high conservation of nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels in orthologous of virulence-related ABC transporters. However, so far, there is no evidence about how these fungal ABC transporters became specialized in pathogenesis. This review summarizes some of the relevant findings about the structure of ABC transporter involved in the infective process of pathogenic fungi.
Keywords: ABC transporters, pathogenicity factors, fungi.
Citas
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